policies in Jakarta D Rukmana 1 1 Urban Studies and Planning Program Savannah State University, Savannah, GA, United States Email: rukmanad@savannahstate.edu Abstract. Not only is Jakarta the largest metropolitan area in Southeast Asia, it is the also one of the most dynamic, though beset with most of the urban problems experienced in twenty-first Urbanization in Indonesia increased tremendously following the country's rapid development in the 1970s. [1] Since then, Indonesia has been facing high urbanization rates driven by rural-urban migration. In 1950, 15% of Indonesia's population lived in urban areas. In 1990, 40 years later, this number doubled to 30%. [2] composite urban-culture is also being formed. Such phenomenon can be clearly witnessed in cities like Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, and Denpasar, just to name a few. Global Cities in a Local Context: The Case of Indonesia’s Urban Development After independence, Indonesia has seen a stable growth since the 80’s that ended by Asian Lubis (2018) examines the issues and problems of urban hydrogeology in Jakarta and makes suggestions on improving the groundwater management strategy. Jensen & Khalis (2020) used PSIR (Pressures Most regions outside central Jakarta have more vulnerability problems, particularly in population dynamics, floods history, and slum areas. On the other hand, the news analysis showed that the most frequent flood happened between October and February. Therefore, the government and society must collaborates to overcome the urban vulnerability Jakarta is the largest metropolitan area in Southeast Asia, with a tremendous rate of population growth and wide range of urban problems. Research from Han and Basuki in 2001 found that the aGtUtWG.

urban problems in jakarta